What are the structural differences between a retarder starter and a conventional starter?

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2025-06-26

The core structural differences between a reduction starter and a conventional starter primarily lie in the "reduction mechanism" and the "method of magnetic field generation" (in certain types).

The core structural differences between a reduction starter and a conventional starter primarily lie in the "reduction mechanism" and the "method of magnetic field generation" (in certain types), with specific distinctions as follows:
1. Presence or absence of a reduction mechanism
Deceleration Starter:
✅ Standard equipment includes a reduction gear set (such as planetary gears or parallel-shaft gears), positioned between the motor’s output shaft and the drive gear, designed to "reduce speed and increase torque."
Standard starter:
❌ No reduction mechanism— the motor directly drives the drive gear (direct drive)—relying on a large-sized armature to generate sufficient torque.
2. Differences in Motor Design
Deceleration Starter:
✅ The motor is more compact (since the reduction mechanism already amplifies torque, eliminating the need for a large armature), and some models even replace the field windings with permanent magnets—resulting in what’s known as a "permanent-magnet reduction starter."
Standard starter:
❌ The motor is relatively large in size and requires an increase in torque by extending the excitation winding and armature length. It typically operates as an excitation-type motor (featuring brushes and an excitation coil).
3. Methods of Magnetic Field Generation (for Certain Types)
Deceleration Starter (Permanent Magnet Type):
✅ Replacing the excitation coil with a permanent magnet (such as neodymium iron boron) eliminates the need for an excitation circuit, simplifying the overall structure.
Standard Starter (Excited Type):
❌ Relies on energizing the field winding to generate a magnetic field, requiring components like brushes and commutators to conduct current.
4. Method of Engagement Between the Drive Gear and Flywheel
Deceleration Starter:
✅ The drive gear features low speed and high torque, resulting in reduced impact during meshing and extended gear life.
Standard starter:
❌ The motor directly drives the gear, resulting in high rotational speed but relatively low torque, leading to significant impact during meshing.

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